Course Descriptions

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Geology Discipline Courses Details

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GEOL 100 : Our Dynamic Earth

Prerequisites: Not open to students who have completed GEOL 104.
Description: Investigating the geologic processes that are continually shaping our planet, emphasizing the connections between humans and nature and the process of scientific discovery. Designed for non-science majors.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 101 : Our Dynamic Earth Lab

Prerequisites: GEOL 100 (may be concurrent); not open to students who have completed GEOL 104.
Description: Investigating the geologic processes that are continually shaping our planet, emphasizing the connections between humans and nature and the process of scientific discovery. Hands-on activities to explore Earth processes. Extra fee required.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
Units: 1
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 104 : Our Dynamic Earth Lecture and Lab

Prerequisites: Not open to students who have completed GEOL 100 and/or GEOL 101.
Description: Investigating the geologic processes that are continually shaping our planet, emphasizing the connections between humans and nature and the process of scientific discovery. Designed for non-science majors. Classwork, 3 unts; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Extra fee required.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
  • Laboratory or fieldwork (L/F)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 105 : History of Life

Prerequisites: None
Description: Origin and early development of life; evolution of life through geologic time; extinction and replacement of organisms.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 110 : Physical Geology

Prerequisites: None
Description: Composition, structure, and evolution of the earth; earth materials; tectonic and hydrologic systems; land form development; relation of geologic systems to the human environment. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Extra fee required. Plus-minus letter grade only.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
  • Laboratory or fieldwork (L/F)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 115 : Earth and Life Through Time

Prerequisites: GEOL 110.
Description: History of the earth; origin of the continents, oceans, and atmosphere; origin and evolution of life; introduction to major invertebrate and vertebrate fossils; methods and concepts used to decipher the geologic record. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Extra fee required.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 120 : Introduction to Geologic Techniques

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 or equivalent.
Description: Introduction to field and laboratory techniques, including scientific writing and library research.
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 125 : Quantitative Geology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 and MATH 199 [formerly MATH 109] or sufficient score on calculus pretest.
Description: Quantitative reasoning and techniques, including statistics, applied to problems in earth science. Classwork, 2 units; lab and fieldwork, 2 units. Weekend fieldtrip required. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 270 : Environmental Geology

Prerequisites: None
Description: Human interaction with the geologic environment. Social and political implications, resource and energy exploitation, land use planning, waste disposal, and human modification of nature. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Designed for non-science majors.
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category C Integrative Science
  • Laboratory or fieldwork (L/F)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 302 : The Violent Earth

Prerequisites: Upper division standing or consent of instructor.
Description: The catastrophic geological agents that modify the environment. Significance of processes such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in the development of our planet. Concept of time in evaluating the magnitude of these violent events. Designed for non-science majors.
General Education:
  • Segment III Cluster - Our Violent Planet
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 350 : Geology of the National Parks

Prerequisites: Upper division standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Applying geologic principles to natural environments of North America, focusing on geologic history and landscape evolution of the National Parks. Uniqueness of natural regions and questions of preservation. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Designed for non-science majors. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
General Education:
  • Segment II Area - Physical and Biological Sciences Area (PBS) Category A Physical Sciences
  • Segment III Cluster - California Cultures and Environments
  • Laboratory or fieldwork (L/F)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 356 : Geology of California

Prerequisites: Upper division standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Geology of California, with emphasis on the San Francisco Bay Area. Local field trips and extended excursions to areas of geologic interest. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Extra fee required. Designed for non-science majors.
General Education:
  • Segment III Cluster - California Cultures and Environments
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 370 : California Water

Prerequisites: Upper division standing or consent of instructor; designed for non-science majors.
Description: Human interaction with the hydrologic environment; science and politics of water issues facing California; hydrologic cycle, floods, droughts, groundwater, contamination; water needs of cities, farms, ecosystems; effects of climate change on water resources. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 3

GEOL 375 : Global Warming

Prerequisites: Upper division standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Scientific understanding of global warming. Greenhouse gases, records of past climate change, warming of the recent past, human impact on climate, projections of future climate and the impact on society. Critical evaluation of popular media coverage of climate change.
Units: 3

GEOL 401 : Earth Systems

Prerequisites: At least 9 units of coursework in geoscience, chemistry or physics.
Description: The earth systems: atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. Focus on the connections, interactions and feedbacks between the earth system components. Connections are through physical and biogeochemical processes and case studies are used to illustrate examples.
Units: 3

GEOL 405 : Planetary Climate Change

Prerequisites: At least 9 units of physical sciences coursework.
Description: Interdisciplinary investigation of physical processes, principles, and tools contributing to our understanding of climate and climate change. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory, 1 unit. This course is offered as GEOL 405, METR 405, and OCN 405. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 410 : Volcanology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 or consent of instructor.
Description: Volcanic processes, landforms, structures, and rocks; origin and differentiation of magma and relation to place boundaries; case studies of volcanic events on earth and other planets; applications to archaeology and other disciplines. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. Extra fee required.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 420 : Mineralogy and Petrology I

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 and CHEM 115 or consent of instructor.
Description: Minerals: physical properties, crystal chemistry, reactions and stability, and identification of common types, including optical mineralogy. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 2 units.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 426 : Mineralogy and Petrology II

Prerequisites: GEOL 420 or consent of instructor.
Description: Advanced mineralogy and igneous and metamorphic petrology with a focus on physical and chemical processes in the earth. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 2 units. Paired with GEOL 726. Students who have completed GEOL 426 may not take GEOL 726 for credit. Extra fee required.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2011

GEOL 430 : Structural Geology

Prerequisites: GEOL 115 and GEOL 420, and any one of the following: MATH 199 [formerly MATH 109], satisfactory score on online precalculus test (at math.sfsu.edu), GEOL 125, MATH 226.
Description: Mechanical aspects of rock deformation. Description, classification, and genesis of folds, faults, and other structures of the earth's crust. Evolution of regional structures. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 2 units.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 450 : Geomorphology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110; GEOL 125 or MATH 226; and PHYS 111/112 or PHYS 220/222; or consent of instructor.
Description: Landscapes, their geologic evolution, and the processes which create and modify them. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Paired with GEOL 750. Students who have taken GEOL 450 may not take GEOL 750 for credit.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 454 : Quaternary Climate and Soils

Prerequisites: GEOL 110, senior standing, or consent of instructor.
Description: Pleistocene and Holocene environments, and their geomorphic and stratigraphic record. Emphasis on landform evolution, soil genesis, soil genesis, climatic history, sea level changes, neotectonics, and environmental impact. Paired with GEOL 754. Students who have completed GEOL 754 may not take GEOL 454 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2009

GEOL 460 GW : Sedimentology and Stratigraphy-GWAR

Prerequisites: ENG 214 with grade of C- or better, GEOL 115, GEOL 120, and GEOL 420.
Description: Sedimentary particles and processes, depositional environments, principles of stratigraphic correlation, and basin analysis. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 2 units. ABC/NC grading only.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 467 : Marine Geology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 or GEOL 100 or consent of instructor. Intended for majors only.
Description: Origin, age, and geological history of the ocean basins; source and distribution of marine deposits; geological evidence concerning continental drift, sea floor spreading, and plate tectonics; current research in marine geology.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2009

GEOL 470 : Neotectonics

Prerequisites: Senior standing or consent of instructor; GEOL 430.
Description: Principles of earthquake geology: plate tectonics, fault mechanics, basic seismology, geodesy, tectonic geomorphology, seismic hazard analysis, and case studies of large historical earthquakes. Paired with GEOL 770. Students who have completed GEOL 770 may not take GEOL 470 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2012

GEOL 473 : Surface Water Hydrology

Prerequisites: GEOL 125 or MATH 226 or consent of instructor. GEOL 110 recommended.
Description: Introduction to surface water hydrology; exploration of hydrologic processes; how precipitation and snowmelt become streamflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater; watershed hydrology, streamflow processes, and water quality. Plus-minus letter grade only.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 474 : Engineering Geology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 or an upper division engineering course or consent of instructor.
Description: Mechanical properties of earth materials and application of geologic principles to engineering problems. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2010

GEOL 475 : Hydrogeology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110; GEOL 125 or MATH 226; and PHYS 111/112 or PHYS 220/222; or consent of instructor.
Description: Physical and geologic factors controlling the occurrence and dynamics of groundwater. Chemical parameters and distribution. Aquifer testing and analysis. Paired with GEOL 775. Students who have completed GEOL 475 may not take GEOL 775 later for credit. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 476 : Groundwater Contamination

Prerequisites: GEOL 475 or consent of instructor; CHEM 115 recommended.
Description: Application of hydrogeologic principles to solution of groundwater contamination problems. Paired with GEOL 776. Students who have completed GEOL 476 may not take GEOL 776 later for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2011

GEOL 480 : Geochemistry

Prerequisites: GEOL 420, and MATH 226 or GEOL 125, or consent of instructor.
Description: Chemistry of the earth including cosmochemistry, crystal chemistry, thermodynamics, aqueous geochemistry, stable and radiogenic isotope geochemistry, major and trace element geochemistry, and analytical techniques. Classwork, 3 units; lab, 1 unit. (Paired with GEOL 780. Students who have completed GEOL 780 may not take GEOL 480 for credit.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2012

GEOL 485 : Ore Deposits

Prerequisites: GEOL 420 or consent of instructor.
Description: The origin of ore deposits emphasizing the mineralogic, petrologic, and plate tectonic environments of major deposits from around the world; chemical and physical controls on ore transport and deposition; techniques of mineral exploration and mining. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Paired with GEOL 785. Students who have completed GEOL 785 may not take GEOL 485 for credit.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 590 : Seminar in Geosciences

Prerequisites: GEOL 110 or consent of instructor. Topic to be specified in Class Schedule.
Description: May be repeated when topics vary.
Units: 1-3

GEOL 590 : High Silica Magmas, Hydrothermal Fluids and Ore Deposits

Prerequisites: GEOL 485/785 or consent of instructor.
Description: Investigation of the occurrence and origin of high silica ore deposits, involving critical reading and analysis of the scientific literature. Plus-minus letter grade only.
Units: 1

GEOL 642 : Watershed Assessment and Restoration

Prerequisites: GEOG 101 or GEOL 110, GEOG 603, MATH 199 or sufficient score on calculus pretest.
Description: Cross listed with GEOG 642. For course description, see GEOG 642. (May not be repeated under alternate prefix.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 652 : Geoscience Partners in K-12 Education

Prerequisites: Completion of at least one upper division course in your major field of study.
Description: Introduction to geoscience K-12 teaching and learning; examine understanding of geoscience, discuss science education literature, and analyze science lessons and student learning. Classwork, 2 units; field work, 2 units. This course is offered as GEOL 652, OCN 652, and METR 652. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 693 : Cooperative Education Program

Prerequisites: ENG 114, COMM 150, and consent of faculty of the Department of Geosciences.
Description: Intended for geology majors. Objectives are career development, occupational experience, and educational subsidy. Units do not count toward the degree. CR/NC grading only.
Units: 6-12

GEOL 694 : Cooperative Education in Geology

Prerequisites: Intended for geology majors.
Description: Objectives are career development, occupational experience, and educational subsidy. Units do not count toward degree.
Units: 1-3

GEOL 695 : Field Methods in Geology

Prerequisites: GEOL 110, GEOL 460, and satisfactory standing in the major, or consent of instructor.
Description: Field methods: plotting features on topographic maps and aerial photographs, use of field instruments, mapping, and preparation of geologic reports. Laboratory and fieldwork.
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 697 : Undergraduate Research

Prerequisites: Senior standing and consent of instructor.
Description: Research activities, including literature review, project design, data collection and analysis.
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 698 : Senior Thesis

Prerequisites: GEOL 697 (may be concurrent).
Description: Undergraduate research, to include a written report and oral presentation approved by the thesis committee.
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 699 : Independent Study

Prerequisites: Consent of instructor.
Description: Special study in the laboratory, field, or library under the direction of a faculty member. The student must present a written report of the work accomplished to the faculty.
Units: 1-3

GEOL 700 : Graduate Seminar in Geosciences

Prerequisites: Graduate standing.
Description: Introduction to the graduate program; discussion of interdisciplinary geoscience topics; format to include speakers and assigned readings. This course is offered as GEOL 700, METR 700 and OCN 700. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 701 : Research Methods in Geosciences

Prerequisites: GEOL 700/METR 700/OCN 700 or consent of instructor.
Description: Application of research methods: problem formulation, literature searches, proposal writing, scientific report writing, and oral presentation. Preparation of proposal for master's thesis. This course is offered as GEOL 701, METR 701, and OCN 701. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 702 : Quantitative Methods in Geosciences

Prerequisites: Courses in basic statistics, calculus, and computer applications, or consent of instructor.
Description: Quantitative methods and computer techniques necessary for geoscience problem-solving. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Plus-minus letter grade only.) This course is offered as GEOL 702, METR 702, and OCN 702. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 726 : Mineralogy and Petrology II

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Paired with GEOL 426. For course description, see GEOL 426. Students who have completed GEOL 426 may not take GEOL 726 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 2 units. Extra fee required.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2011

GEOL 741 : Electron Microscopy

Prerequisites: Graduate or senior standing, and consent of instructor.
Description: Cross listed with BIOL/CHEM 741. For course description, see BIOL 741. (May not be repeated under an alternate prefix.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 750 : Geomorphology

Prerequisites: Graduate or senior standing, and: GEOL 110; GEOL 125 or MATH 226; and PHYS 111/112 or PHYS 220/222; or consent of instructor.
Description: For course description, see GEOL 450. (Paired with GEOL 450. Students who have taken GEOL 450 may not take GEOL 750 for credit.)
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 754 : Quaternary Climate and Soils

Prerequisites: Graduate standing and GEOL 110 or consent of instructor.
Description: For course description, see GEOL 454. Paired with GEOL 454. Students who have completed GEOL 454 may not take GEOL 754 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2009

GEOL 756 : Science of Anthropogenic Climate Change

Prerequisites: GEOL/METR/OCN 405 or GEOG 313, or consent of instructor.
Description: Examination of the current scientific understanding of anthropogenic climate change. IPCC Report observations of climate change, paleoclimate, climate feedbacks, climate models, and climate projections. (Cross listed with METR/OCN 756. May not be repeated under an alternate prefix.)
Units: 3

GEOL 770 : Neotectonics

Prerequisites: Graduate or senior standing; GEOL 430 or consent of instructor.
Description: Paired with GEOL 470. For course description, see GEOL 470. Students who have completed GEOL 470 may not take GEOL 770 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; fieldwork, 1 unit. (AB/NC grading only.)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2012

GEOL 775 : Hydrogeology

Prerequisites: Graduate or senior standing, and: GEOL 110; GEOL 125 or MATH 226; and PHYS 111/112 or PHYS 220/222; or upper division engineering course; or consent of instructor.
Description: For course description, see GEOL 475. Paired with GEOL 475. Students who have completed GEOL 475 may not take GEOL 775 for credit. Classwork, 3 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 776 : Groundwater Contamination

Prerequisites: Graduate or senior standing, and GEOL 775.
Description: Paired with GEOL 476. For course description, see GEOL 476. Students who have completed GEOL 476 may not take GEOL 776 for credit. Classwork, 2 units; laboratory and fieldwork, 1 unit. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2011

GEOL 780 : Geochemistry

Prerequisites: GEOL 420, and MATH 226 or GEOL 125, or consent of instructor.
Description: Paired with GEOL 480. See GEOL 480 for course description. Students who have completed GEOL 480 may not take GEOL 780 for credit.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2012

GEOL 785 : Ore Deposits

Prerequisites: Graduate standing and GEOL 420 or consent of instructor.
Description: Paired with GEOL 485. For course description, see GEOL 485. Students who have completed GEOL 485 may not take GEOL 785 for credit.
Units: 4
Latest Offering: Spring 2013

GEOL 792 : Our Dynamic Classroom

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Teaching and Learning Community. Exploration of innovative pedagogical techniques and integrating laboratory and lecture components for introductory geosciences courses. May be repeated under same prefix for 3 units for degree credit. (Plus-minus letter grade only.) This course is offered as GEOL 792, METR 792, and OCN 792. Students may not repeat the course under an alternate prefix.
Units: 1
Latest Offering: Spring 2012

GEOL 795 : Selected Topics in the Geosciences

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Selected topics in the geosciences. Topic to be specified in Class Schedule. (May be repeated for a maximum of 12 units when topics vary.) (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 1-3

GEOL 795 : Global Tectonics

Prerequisites: Graduate standing; GEOL 430; or consent of instructor.
Description: Survey of global tectonic features: the architecture of the Earth's crust; regional assembling of structural or deformational features and their relationship, origin, and evolution. The plate tectonic cycle: rifting, passive margins, sea-floor spreading, subduction zones, and collisions.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 795 : Hydrogeology Expedition

Prerequisites: Senior or graduate standing; GEOL 475 or GEOL 775; or consent of instructor.
Description: Groundwater-age dating techniques to identify paleoclimate signals in groundwater toward understanding groundwater sustainability. Travel to the North China Plain aquifer, near Beijing, China where students participate in a field survey by collecting groundwater samples for isotopic analysis and participate 10 times in a training workshop with Chinese hydrogeology students. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 1

GEOL 795 : Paleoclimate

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Reading and discussion of primary cutting edge literature on climate science. Plus-minus letter grading only.
Units: 2

GEOL 795 : Rock Mechanics in Geomorphology

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Application of rock mechanics theory and testing to understand earth surface processes and landscape evolution. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 2
Latest Offering: Spring 2011

GEOL 795 : Tectonic Geomorphology

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Survey of the latest research linking earth surface topography with the tectonic forces that deform the crust and the climatic forces that drive erosion. Weekend fieldtrip to investigate tectonic geomorphology of the Santa Cruz Mountains. (Plus-minus letter grade only.)
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2012

GEOL 795 : Vadose Zone Hydrology

Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
Description: Physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil water, unsaturated water flow, heat and gas transport, contaminant transport, data collection and analysis, and site characterization. Plus-minus letter grade only.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Spring 2010

GEOL 896 : Directed Reading in the Geosciences

Prerequisites: Graduate status or consent of adviser.
Description: Supervised literature research in a specific area chosen on the basis of individual student need. Readings, tutorial discussion, and research report or creative projects.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 897 : Research Project

Prerequisites: graduate status, and GEOL/METR 700 and 701.
Description: Thesis research incorporates all aspects of investigative studies from data collection to data analysis. May be repeated for a total of 6 units.
Units: 1-3

GEOL 898 : Master's Thesis

Prerequisites: Graduate status; GEOL 700/METR 700, GEOL 701, and GEOL 702; consent of instructor and approval of Advancement to Candidacy (ATC) and Culminating Experience (CE) forms by Graduate Studies.
Description: Advancement to Candidacy (ATC) and Proposal for Culminating Experience Requirement forms must be approved by the Graduate Division before registration.
Units: 3
Latest Offering: Fall 2013

GEOL 899 : Independent Study

Prerequisites: Graduate status and consent of adviser.
Description: Special study in the laboratory or field under the direction of a faculty member. Student must present a detailed written report of the work accomplished to the department. May be repeated for a total of 3 units.
Units: 1-3
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